最新刊期
期 5 ， 2023
- 摘要：Optimizing the built environment is an important strategy to prevent obesity and improve health level of the population. Density is the most common factor among built environment elements and the relationship between it and obesity has attracted much attention in recent years. However, given that research on the relationship between density and obesity has just started in China, this relationship is not yet clear. If density planning measures are blindly adopted, it might directly affect the effectiveness of healthy city planning and be detrimental to the promotion of the Healthy China Strategy. Therefore, it is urgent to clarify the relationship between density and obesity in order to enrich the relevant theories of urban and rural planning and urban geography in China and provide theoretical support for the construction of healthy cities. For this reason, based on the systematic review approach, this article reviews the relationship between population density and obesity from the aspects of research areas, publication time and quantity, variable selections, research designs, model settings, empirical results, etc. After fully grasping the current research status, this review finds a potential U-shaped relationship between density and obesity, and proposes that future research should strengthen attention to the Chinese context, identification of causal relationships, and comprehensive measurement of density and obesity and other important issues.关键词：residential density;overweight;chronic disease;healthy city;built environment;systematic review
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发布时间：2023-10-30 - 摘要：The metropolitan area is an advanced form of regional spatial pattern evolution, and since the daily life of residents has entered the era of regional living characterized by cross-domain living, the true pursuit of spatial planning research is to shape high-quality living spaces. Through retracing the research history of living space, the paper summarized the research progress and trend of living space, clarified the multi-objective, multi-level and multi-scale spatial characteristics and construction foundation of regional living space based on the spatial organization of the metropolitan area, and put forward a theoretical analysis framework of regional living system, which is composed of the transformation and reconstruction of the whole region of life, the organization and connection under the logic of behavior, the linkage and integration of multi-level nesting, and the dynamic monitoring and optimization of longevity, and explored the core issues and trend directions of regional living space research into furtherly. By discussing the research process and theoretical analysis framework of regional living space, the study attempts to establish a high-quality development strategies and planning support for the metropolitan area with regional life integration planning as the core, which is of great significance and function for the construction of a better life for the people.关键词：regional living space;research progress;theoretical framework;metropolitan area
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发布时间：2023-10-30 - 摘要：The rapid urbanization process in China has led to a significant expansion in the size of cities, resulting in motorized commute mode becoming increasingly prevalent among residents of large cities. However, the sedentary status of motorized commute mode has led to a reduction in daily activities for residents, which has a negative impact on their health. Using smart-phone application to gather commuting data from residents of Xi’an, and using the path analysis method, this study assessed people’s physical health using the body mass index (BMI), and proposed a theoretical framework to analyze the urban built environment’s direct, indirect, and total effects on residents’ BMI mediated by motorized commute mode. The model result reveals that the built environment of work-residential areas, encompassing land use mix, building density, population density, number of bus lines, and proximity of subway stations, can significantly and indirectly impact BMI mediated by car driver, electric vehicles, and commuter shuttles. However, these factors do not significantly impact BMI through the use of buses and subways. The built environment has a significant direct impact on BMI as well, with the built environment of residential area having a greater influence than the workplace while mediating by car driver. The variation in the workplace’s built environment variables will result in a change in BMI, mediated by different commuting modes. However, the population density of the workplace location, the distance between the workplace and city center, and the presence of colleges and universities in the vicinity may have an opposing effect. Therefore, it is proposed that the optimization of the built environment in occupational and residential areas can be gradually promoted through targeted renewal. This, in turn, can improve the health of residents. Corresponding policy suggestions include optimizing the layout and spatial structure of urban land, promoting the mixing of functions of land use near the workplace, and establishing an effective slow travel system.关键词：built environment;motorized commuting mode;body mass index;path analysis;health
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发布时间：2023-10-30 - 摘要：Motorised transport modes, dominated by small cars, have a range of negative impacts globally, such as air pollution, energy consumption, traffic injuries, static lifestyles and an increase in obesity and diabetes in the population. Healthy transportation not only improves casualties in the existing transportation system but also has compounding health values such as creating a healthy social environment and improving public health. The United States has developed a relatively mature system for the planning, construction and management of healthy transportation. The development policies, planning systems and management models of healthy transportation in the United States are reviewed, and their characteristics and experiences are summarised and explained through relevant case studies, with a view to providing inspiration for the healthy and sustainable development of urban transportation in China.关键词：healthy transportation;planning and management;equity;sustainability;the United States
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发布时间：2023-10-30 - 摘要：Existing research on the impact of urban environment on residents’ mental health is mostly based on subjective evaluation, with few studies using objective physiological data to reflect the immediate impact of the environment on individuals. There is a lack of scientific experimental design and causal inference methods, which weakens its guiding value in policy formulation. As an experimental study, this paper attempts to use Emotiv EPOC+ equipment to measure the impact of different urban environments (such as urban busy areas, urban quiet areas and urban green areas) on individual EEG physiological data, analyze the effects of urban environments on residents’ psychological activity, and reveal the black box of the mechanisms by which the environment acts on individuals. This study finds that green spaces can help improve alpha waves, decrease beta waves, and put individuals in a " bottom-up" state of involuntary attention, which helps to alleviate fatigue and restore attention; and the urban environment will improve beta waves and put individuals in a " top-down" state of directed attention, which can cause fatigue for a long time. The research results indicate that the research perspective and methods based on neuroscience experiments can avoid the shortcomings of subjective evaluation at the theoretical level, which helps to deeply analyze the process, mechanism, and effects of urban environment on residents’ mental health, and achieve the inference of causal effects of environmental effects on individuals. At the practical level, decision-making based on scientific evidence can help promote the transition of spatial intervention decision-making from relying on subjective experience to objective evidence, and from a statistical path to an experimental path.关键词：urban environment;psychological activity;EEG;neuroscience experiments;evidence-based policy
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发布时间：2023-10-30 - 摘要：Urban non-motorized space is an indispensable factor for people’s daily life and work. Its design can affect people′s body health and their active travel behavior. Using smartphone app Daynamica, a self administered survey was conducted in Xi’an, China. Environment audit was used to collect data of urban street around the respondent’s residential locations as well. After data cleaning, 286 respondents were used in this study. Using a binary logistic regression model, the impact of the residential non-motorized space design factors and other built environment factors were analyzed. The results show that completeness of public service facilities, the higher level of greening, and the connectivity of non-motorized space have significant impacts on walking and cycling behavior. The width of motor roads below 21 meters has a significant positive effect on active travel behavior; the road network density and distance from the city center are significantly positively related to active commute behavior. Based on all of the above findings, suggestions of planning strategies are put forward.关键词：non-motorized space;street near the urban community;walk;bike
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发布时间：2023-10-30 - 摘要：Active commuting to school plays a crucial role in promoting physical activity and positively contributes to children’s physical and mental health. While extensive attention has been paid to the impact of built environment on children’s active commuting to school, there is still a lack of consideration for the joint effects and differences in the impact of built environment of neighborhood and school. In this study, a cross-classified multilevel model is employed to investigate the effects of neighborhood and school built environment on children’s active commuting to school in Xi’an. Our findings indicate that: ① Neighborhood built environment has a greater impact on children’s active commuting to school compared to school built environment; ② Neighborhood and school built environment factors that affect children’s active commuting to school are different. For instance, while an increase in the number of school bus stops promotes active commuting to school, factors such as mixed land use, number of school cafeterias, and number of intersections contribute negatively to children’s active commuting. ③ Built environment moderates the effect of distance to school on active commuting to school. An increase in the number of neighborhood stores exacerbated the negative effect of distance on active commuting to school; neighborhood population density, number of bus stops, and school greenery promoted active commuting to school by weakening the negative effect of distance. These research outcomes hold significant implications for developing public policies and spatial adjustments that aim to promote active commuting to schools among children.关键词：built environment;active commuting to school;cross-classified multilevel model;children;Xi’an
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发布时间：2023-10-30 - 摘要：Crack segmentation in CT images of mud shale is a key link in obtaining crack information, which is of great significance in revealing the spatial distribution of cracks and clarifying the reservoir bed characteristics. Aiming at the problems that traditional image processing methods are unable to segment mud shale cracks autonomously, as well as the low segmentation efficiency due to the complexity and variety of crack morphology in CT images of mud shale, large scale changes, and the similarity of gray scale values between the small cracks and the surrounding rock body, a convolutional neural network MCS-Net, which integrates residual network and multiscale features, is proposed to realize the highly efficient segmentation of mud shale cracks through the improvement of the U-Net network model. The proposed network consists of three parts: feature extraction, special fusion and prediction output. The feature extraction part uses the residual module instead of the conventional convolution to fully obtain the shallow feature information and the high-level semantic information; the feature fusion part adopts the multi-scale convolutional fusion module to obtain the multi-scale feature information of the cracks, and then up-sampling layer-by-layer to restore the resolution of the image and accurately locate the cracks; and the prediction output part ultimately generates a binary mud shale crack segmentation map. The experiments are tested on the constructed mudshale crack dataset MudshaleCrack and compared with six mainstream deep learning semantic segmentation networks. The results show that the proposed MCS-Net outperforms the comparison networks, with an evaluation metric IoU of 85.32% and an F1 value of 92.56%, which improves the IoU and F1 values by 0.042 8 and 0.090 3, respectively, when compared with the pre-improvement U-Net, which proves the feasibility of the proposed method for mudshale crack segmentation.关键词：CT image of mud shale;crack segmentation;U-Net model;residual network;multi-scale feature
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发布时间：2023-10-30 - 摘要：Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a commonly used method for monitoring the body. The analysis of alterations in electrocardiographic activity during physical exercise can evaluate an individual’s cardiovascular health status. Designing an automatic adaptive ECG signal classification model that can accommodate different physiological characteristics and changes in ECG activity patterns in different states is of great practical significance. In this study, we proposed an innovative approach that transformed ECG signals into image data and automatically constructed optimal neural network models for different distributions of ECG detection data using the differentiable neural architecture search algorithm (PC-DARTS). This approach achieved accurate ECG signal classification in various scenarios. In this paper, ECG signal classification experiments were conducted on the PhysioNet MIT-BIH arrhythmia dataset and the PTB diagnostic ECG dataset, respectively, to verify the discrimination performance of the proposed method in different application scenarios. The results indicate that the algorithm proposed in this paper has higher accuracy and greater robustness compared to other methods. At the same time, the proposed method is able to cope with the classification challenges posed by different acquisition devices, different experimental environments and different subject populations, and has sufficient generalization performance. In the future, the research results are expected to be combined with new ECG monitoring devices to achieve efficient and accurate ECG detection and accelerate the application of ECG detection in more fields.关键词：electrocardiogram;sports health;neural networks;automated machine learning;neural architecture search
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发布时间：2023-10-30 - 摘要：Identifying drug-target interactions (DTIs) is a key task in drug discovery, and it plays an important role in the fields of virtual screening, drug repurposing and identification of potential drug side effects. Traditional biological experimental methods of identifying DTIs are often expensive and time-consuming. With the great success of deep learning in natural language processing and other fields, many studies have used deep learning to predict DTIs. However, many previous studies only utilized single-view features of drugs and proteins to predict DTIs, ignoring the potential value of multi-source descriptors. A drug-target interaction prediction framework with multi-source descriptors fusion (DFDTI) is proposed in this paper to make full use of the structural information of drugs and proteins from different view. First, low dimensional representations are generated for the multi-source descriptors through fully connected (FC) layers. Then, considering the different contribution of different types of descriptors, the channel attention mechanism is used to give weights to descriptors. In addition, one layer Transformer encoder is used to enhance the feature representation of descriptors. Finally, the enhanced features representations of drugs and proteins are concatenated and input into the deep neural network (DNN) to predict DTIs. Experimental results show that the DFDTI can effectively fuse different types of descriptors and outperform all baseline methods in this paper on all three types of evaluation metrics.关键词：drug-target interaction;feature fusion;attention mechanism;deep learning
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发布时间：2023-10-30 - 摘要：A formal context is the data base and starting point for research in formal concept analysis. In order to describe the binary relations satisfying reflexivity and symmetry in a formal context, this paper firstly defines the symmetric formal context, and studies the characteristics of the concept lattice, the object concept, the attribute concept, the join irreducible concept and the meet irreducible concept of the symmetric formal context. Then, we propose the symmetric concept and prove that the symmetric concept set is a concept reduct of symmetric formal context. Finally, from the perspective of conflict analysis and social network, we show the practical semantics and application of the symmetric formal context, the symmetric concept and the symmetric concept set, respectively.关键词：formal concept analysis;symmetric formal context;concept reduct;conflict analysis;social network
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发布时间：2023-10-30 - 摘要：This paper extends the concept reduction in formal context to formal decision context, and studies the concept reduction preserving antecedent information of rules in weakly consistent formal decision context. Firstly, the conditional subcontext is compressed to form the antecedent context by only considering the binary relation in the antecedent of the rules of formal decision context. Then, we propose the concept reduction preserving antecedent information of rules for the antecedent context, and give the judgment theorem of concept consistent set by representative concept matrix. Finally, we classify all formal concepts into three parts according to the role of each formal concept in concept reduction, and discuss the concept characteristics of three types of formal concepts from the perspective of the minimal representative concept matrix.关键词：formal decision context;rule;antecedent context;concept reduction;concept characteristics
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发布时间：2023-10-30 - 摘要：Concept reduction preserving binary relation is a new reduction theory in formal concept analysis, it can reduce the number of concepts without losing the original information. This paper studies the concept reduction of property-oriented concept lattices, this newly proposed reduction can preserve the complementary binary relation. First, the definition of property-oriented concept reduction is given. Then, the approach to obtain concept reduction and characteristics of property-oriented concept are given from the perspective of POC representative concept matrix. Moreover, the relationship between property-oriented concept reduction and object-oriented concept reduction are discussed. Finally, the application of property-oriented concept reduction in knowledge space theory is given.关键词：formal concept analysis;property-oriented concept reduction;POC representative concept matrix;property-oriented concept characteristics
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发布时间：2023-10-30 - 摘要：In incomplete contexts, SE-ISI concepts contain abundant uncertain information, but not all SE-ISI concepts are necessary. This paper studies the theories and methods of SE-ISI concept reduction under different situations in incomplete contexts. First, SE-ISI concept reductions preserving positive information, generalized positive information and relation are defined, respectively. Then, the relationships between the three types of SE-ISI concept reduction are analyzed. Moreover, by introducing the SE-ISI representative concept matrix, the methods of obtaining three types of SE-ISI concept reduction are given. Finally, the characteristics and relationships of SE-ISI concepts under three types of SE-ISI concept reduction are discussed from the perspective of SE-ISI representative concept matrix.关键词：incomplete context;SE-ISI concept reduction;SE-ISI representative concept matrix;SE-ISI concept characteristics
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发布时间：2023-10-30 - 摘要：Based on core, logging, and seismic data, a comprehensive analysis was conducted on the identification methods of coal seams, thickness changes, and their relationship with paleogeomorphology and sedimentary facies in the southeastern part of the Ordos Basin. The lower part of Shanxi Fm and the upper part of Taiyuan Fm in the southeastern part of the basin characterize low natural gamma ray, low density, high resistivity and high sonic logging values. As the coal velocity is very low and alternates with high-velocity Taiyuan Fm and Ordovician limestones, the two sets of coalsbelow and above Taiyuan limestonesform an extremely-strong amplitude reflection on the seismic profile. The two sets of coals are 1～10 m thick cumulatively, average 2.4 m, with 4 m as the maximum induvial thickness. The coal seam with an individual layer thicker than 2 m covers an area of about 2 500 km2, and the buried depth of the coal seam range from 2 500 to 3 000 m. Research has shown that the thick coal seams of Taiyuan Fm are mainly distributed proximally in the Ordovician paleokarst depression with incised origin, while the Ordovician paleokarst depression without incised origin was deposited by distal coeval limestone rocks. There is a complementary relationship between the coal seams and the thickening zone of distributary channel sandstone for the Shanxi Fm.关键词：coal distribution;coal logging and seismic response;palaetopography;sedimentary facies
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发布时间：2023-10-30 - 摘要：Taking the Chang 8 Member of Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation in Heshui Area of Ordos Basin as the research object, the petrological, porosity, permeability characteristics, diagenesis and diagenetic sequence were researched; through core observation and thin section identification, combined with physical properties analysis and other methods. Furthermore, the quantitative analysis of reservoir pore evolution was carried out. Finally, the quantitative pore evolution results were used to simulate the recovery of hydrocarbon migration and accumulation. The result shows that the lithology of reservoir in the study area was siltstone with mudstone or argillaceous siltstone, which has typical characteristics of low porosity and low permeability. Based on the study of diagenetic characteristics and diagenetic history, and taking the present porosity as the constraint condition, the pore evolution process of diagenetic period was quantitatively recovered, the quantitative simulation results of pore evolution in diagenetic period were consistent with the actual geological situation. Using the quantified pore evolution results, PetroMod software was used to simulate the recovery of hydrocarbon migration. The results show that the oil charging in the basin began at the end of Late jurassic (J3), the peak of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion and accumulation appeared at the end of Early cretaceous (K1), to the late cretaceous which still had high aggregation, and the accumulation was significantly reduced to the present stage. Meanwhile, the model is superimposed with the actual drilling results to test the simulation results. The results proved reasonable, and it can be applied to other oilfields of the same type, providing some reference for further exploration and development.关键词：Ordos Basin;Heshui Area;diagenesis;pore evolution;basin modeling
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发布时间：2023-10-30
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