Influence of lithofacies and structures on fracture development in the Wulalike Formation shales in the western margin of the Ordos Basin

ZHAO Wensheng; HUANG Zhengliang; CAO Binfeng; LIU Yang; LUO Xiaorong; Yan Wei; CHENG Ming; LI Yishu; ZHAO Bowei

doi:10.16152/j.cnki.xdxbzr.2026-03-017

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Influence of lithofacies and structures on fracture development in the Wulalike Formation shales in the western margin of the Ordos Basin

更新时间：2026-07-07

- Influence of lithofacies and structures on fracture development in the Wulalike Formation shales in the western margin of the Ordos Basin
- Journal of Northwest University (Natural Science Edition) Vol. 56, Issue 3, Pages: 655-668(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.西北大学　地质学系/大陆演化与早期生命全国重点实验室，陕西　西安　710069
  2.中国石油长庆油田分公司勘探开发研究院，陕西　西安　710018
  3.东北石油大学　环渤海能源研究院，河北　秦皇岛　066004
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.16152/j.cnki.xdxbzr.2026-03-017
  CLC： P618.13
- Received：26 November 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-12-07，
  
  Published：25 June 2026
- 稿件说明：
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ZHAO Wensheng, HUANG Zhengliang, CAO Binfeng, et al. Influence of lithofacies and structures on fracture development in the Wulalike Formation shales in the western margin of the Ordos Basin[J]. Journal of Northwest University (Natural Science Edition), 2026, 56(3): 655-668.
DOI：

ZHAO Wensheng, HUANG Zhengliang, CAO Binfeng, et al. Influence of lithofacies and structures on fracture development in the Wulalike Formation shales in the western margin of the Ordos Basin[J]. Journal of Northwest University (Natural Science Edition), 2026, 56(3): 655-668. DOI： 10.16152/j.cnki.xdxbzr.2026-03-017.

摘要

基于岩心观测统计，结合MaipSCAN矿物扫描、双能CT扫描及岩石力学测井等方法，系统描述鄂尔多斯盆地西缘乌拉力克组页岩的岩相和结构、裂缝几何特征，讨论岩相和结构对裂缝发育的影响。研究发现：研究区乌三段页岩主要发育纹层状页岩岩相，岩心在微观尺度上呈灰岩、灰质纹层与富硅质纹层频繁互层；水平裂缝为主（占比>70%，宽度普遍小于0.5 mm），次为高角度和低角度裂缝；高角度裂缝多被方解石充填，低角度和水平裂缝多未充填。纹层状页岩中裂缝最为发育，纹层密度与水平裂缝密度呈强正相关。研究认为，纹层发育加剧了页岩力学性质的非均质程度，纹层状页岩泊松比低、杨氏模量高，纹层界面为力学薄弱面，水平和高角度裂缝交织成网，形成复杂的裂缝网络，改善了岩石的渗流能力。纹层状页岩是乌拉力克组的优势储集岩相，是页岩气勘探的“甜点”。

Abstract

Based on core observation statistics

combined with MaipSCAN mineral scanning

dual-energy CT scanning and rock mechanics logging

the lithofacies

structure and fracture geometry characteristics of the Wulalike Formation shale in the western margin of the Ordos Basin were systematically described

and the influence of lithofacies and structure on fracture development was discussed. It is found that the shales in the third member of the Wulalike Formation in the study area mainly develops lamellar shale lithofacies

and limestone

gray lamina and silicon-rich lamina are frequently interbedded on the core-micro scale. The horizontal cracks are the major type (accounting for more than 70 %)

the width is generally less than 0.5 mm

followed by high-angle and low-angle cracks; high-angle fractures are mostly filled with calcite

and low-angle and horizontal fractures are mostly unfilled. Fractures are most developed in laminated shale

and there is a strong positive correlation between lamina density and horizontal fracture density. According to the research

the development of laminae aggravates the heterogeneity of shale mechanical properties. The laminated shale has low Poisson’s ratio and high Young’s modulus. The laminae interface is a mechanical weak surface. Horizontal and high-angle fractures are intertwined into a network to form a complex fracture network

which improves the seepage capacity of the rock. The laminated shale is the dominant reservoir lithofacies of the Uralike Formation and is a "dessert" for shale gas exploration.

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