Geochemical characterization and paleoenvironmental analysis of the mudstone of the Lower Cretaceous Naijiahe Formation in the Liupanshan Basin

DONG Yingchun; ZHAO Xiaochen; PANG Qiang; MA Yan; HUANG Lei; LI Jintao

doi:10.16152/j.cnki.xdxbzr.2026-03-016

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Geochemical characterization and paleoenvironmental analysis of the mudstone of the Lower Cretaceous Naijiahe Formation in the Liupanshan Basin

更新时间：2026-07-07

- Geochemical characterization and paleoenvironmental analysis of the mudstone of the Lower Cretaceous Naijiahe Formation in the Liupanshan Basin
- Journal of Northwest University (Natural Science Edition) Vol. 56, Issue 3, Pages: 639-654(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.西北大学　地质学系，陕西　西安　710069
  2.西安科技大学　地质与环境学院，陕西　西安　710054
  3.中国石油长庆油田分公司，气田开发事业部，陕西　西安　710016
  4.中国石油长庆油田分公司，天然气评价项目部，陕西　榆林　719000
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.16152/j.cnki.xdxbzr.2026-03-016
  CLC： P618.13
- Received：02 November 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-11-15，
  
  Published：25 June 2026
- 稿件说明：
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DONG Yingchun, ZHAO Xiaochen, PANG Qiang, et al. Geochemical characterization and paleoenvironmental analysis of the mudstone of the Lower Cretaceous Naijiahe Formation in the Liupanshan Basin[J]. Journal of Northwest University (Natural Science Edition), 2026, 56(3): 639-654.
DOI：

DONG Yingchun, ZHAO Xiaochen, PANG Qiang, et al. Geochemical characterization and paleoenvironmental analysis of the mudstone of the Lower Cretaceous Naijiahe Formation in the Liupanshan Basin[J]. Journal of Northwest University (Natural Science Edition), 2026, 56(3): 639-654. DOI： 10.16152/j.cnki.xdxbzr.2026-03-016.

摘要

以典型陆相盆地（六盘山盆地）下白垩统乃家河组为研究对象，对其陆相沉积特征和地球化学特征开展详细研究，揭示陆相湖泊中记录的白垩纪古环境和古气候的演变信息。研究发现，相较于上地壳的平均含量，六盘山盆地乃家河组样品的主量元素中，Na

O、TFe

等较为富集，MgO、K

O、TiO

相对较低；微量元素中，Ba、Sr和Rb相对富集而Th、Zr和Hf等相对较低。其主要的元素组成和其他地球化学指标（如CIA、ICV等）表明，乃家河组样品经历了弱风化作用；根据地球化学特征图解判断，乃家河组的物源为长英质源岩，主要来源于秦岭—祁连造山带的酸性岩浆岩；多种地球化学指标表明，乃家河组沉积于干旱、缺氧和高盐度的环境。研究认为，作为华北地区一个典型的陆生盐湖，六盘山盆地沉积水体的盐碱化和黑色页岩的形成可能与诸多早白垩世中国北部盆地类似，均是对温室气候下的大洋缺氧事件的响应。

Abstract

This research delves into the Lower Cretaceous Naijiahe Formation in the Liupanshan Basin

which is a typical terrestrial basin. By conducting a detailed examination of sedimentary features and geochemical signatures

the study aims to decipher the paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic evolution preserved in lacustrine systems. Geochemical analysis uncovers unique elemental distributions in the mudstones of the Naijiahe Formation. When compared with the average values of the upper crust

major elements such as Na

O and TFe

are enriched

while the concentrations of MgO

and TiO

are lower. Among trace elements

and Rb are enriched

whereas Th

and Hf show depletion. Weathering indices

such as the Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA) and the Index of Compositional Variability (ICV)

suggest that chemical weathering was relatively weak during sediment transport. Provenance discrimination diagrams

consistently imply that the source rocks are felsic

originating from acidic magmatic rocks in the Qinling-Qilian Orogenic Belt. Multiple geochemical proxies jointly indicate that the deposition occurred under arid

anoxic

and hypersaline conditions. As a representative terrestrial saline lake in North China

the salinization of water bodies and the formation of black shales in the Madongshan-Naijiahe Formation may well represent the regional responses to oceanic anoxic events during the greenhouse clima

te conditions of the Early Cretaceous.

关键词

Keywords

references

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