生态文明建设战略背景下，传统村落作为千百年来物质文化和非物质文化的重要载体，是保护传统文化与传承生态智慧的基石。该文在整合现有生态文明指标体系的基础上，衔接国家不同部门、省、市相关政策、规划，建立全国尺度的生态文明建设指标基础数据库。以自然环境、村落发展以及生态保护为3大准层，构建匹配生态文明建设战略的传统村落保护利用价值评价指标体系。运用层次分析法（analytic hierarchy process，AHP）和熵权法（entropy weight method，EWM），将传统村落划分为5种类别等级，分析总结5个等级传统村落的不同特征及其形成机制，并提出相应营建策略。研究表明，本评价体系能够全面评估不同类型的传统村落保护利用现状，对于落实国家生态文明战略部署，保障生态安全，优化传统村落保护路径，及促进传统村落可持续保护与发展具有重要意义。 In the context of ecological civilization construction strategy, traditional villages, as essential carriers of material and immaterial resources for thousands of years, are the cornerstone of conventional culture protection and ecological wisdom inheritance. Based on integrating the existing ecological civilization index system, we connect different national departments, provinces and municipalities with relevant policies and plans, and establish a national scale basic database of ecological civilization construction indexes. The four quasi-levels of the natural environment, social development, ecological zoning and ecosystem are used to build an index system for evaluating the value of traditional village protection and utilization that matches the ecological civilization construction strategy. Using AHP and EWM method, traditional villages are classified into five classes, then analyzing and summarizing the different characteristics and formation mechanism of the five levels of traditional villages, and putting forward the corresponding construction strategies. The study shows that this evaluation system can comprehensively assess the current situation of protection and utilization of different types of traditional villages, which is important to implement the strategic deployment of national ecological civilization, ensuring ecological security, optimizing the protection path of traditional villages, and promoting the sustainable protection and development of traditional villages. 生态文明建设 传统村落 保护与利用 价值评价体系 construction of ecological civilization traditional villages protection and utilization value evaluation system 参考文献 林坚 , 吴宇翔 , 吴佳雨 , 等 . 论空间规划体系的构建：兼析空间规划、国土空间用途管制与自然资源监管的关系 [J]. 城市规划 , 2018 , 42 ( 5 ): 9 - 17 . 论空间规划体系的构建：兼析空间规划、国土空间用途管制与自然资源监管的关系 LIN J , WU Y X , WU J Y , et al . Construction of the spatial planning system: With discussions on the relationship between spatial planning, territorial spatial regulation, and natural resources supervision [J]. City Planning Review , 2018 , 42 ( 5 ): 9 - 17 . Construction of the spatial planning system: With discussions on the relationship between spatial planning, territorial spatial regulation, and natural resources supervision MENG F , GUO J , GUO Z , et al . Urban ecological transition: The practice of ecological civilization construction in China [J]. Science of the Total Environment , 2021 , 755 ( Pt 2 ): 142633 . Urban ecological transition: The practice of ecological civilization construction in China 杨保军 , 陈鹏 , 董珂 , 等 . 生态文明背景下的国土空间规划体系构建 [J]. 城市规划学刊 , 2019 ( 4 ): 16 - 23 . 生态文明背景下的国土空间规划体系构建 YANG B J , CHEN P , DONG K , et al . Formation of the national territory development planning system under the background of ecological civilization [J]. Urban Planning Forum , 2019 ( 4 ): 16 - 23 . Formation of the national territory development planning system under the background of ecological civilization 张小雁 , 周伟 . 乡村振兴视角下加强农村生态文明建设的策略研究 [J]. 农业经济 , 2023 ( 4 ): 33 - 36 . 乡村振兴视角下加强农村生态文明建设的策略研究 张建 . 国内传统村落价值评价研究综述 [J]. 小城镇建设 , 2018 ( 3 ): 5-10,31 . 国内传统村落价值评价研究综述 ZHANG J . The research review of traditional villages value evaluation in China [J]. Development of Small Cities & Towns , 2018 ( 3 ): 5-10,31 . The research review of traditional villages value evaluation in China 吴琳 , 余建忠 . 浙江传统村落空间特征与保护利用探索 [J]. 城市发展研究 , 2021 , 28 ( 3 ): 32 - 39 . 浙江传统村落空间特征与保护利用探索 WU L , YU J Z , Exploration on the spatial characteristics and protection utilization of traditional villages in Zhejiang province [J]. Urban Development Studies , 2021 , 28 ( 3 ): 32 - 39 . Exploration on the spatial characteristics and protection utilization of traditional villages in Zhejiang province PENDLEBURY J . Conservation values, the authorised heritage discourse and the conservation-planning assemblage [J]. International Journal of Heritage Studies , 2013 , 19 ( 7 ): 709 - 727 . Conservation values, the authorised heritage discourse and the conservation-planning assemblage 张松 . 作为人居形式的传统村落及其整体性保护 [J]. 城市规划学刊 , 2017 ( 2 ): 44 - 49 . 作为人居形式的传统村落及其整体性保护 ZHANG S . A study on traditional villages as a form of human settlement and their integrated conservation [J]. Urban Planning Forum , 2017 ( 2 ): 44 - 49 . A study on traditional villages as a form of human settlement and their integrated conservation 刘馨秋 , 王思明 . 中国传统村落保护的困境与出路 [J]. 中国农史 , 2015 , 34 ( 4 ): 99 - 110 . 中国传统村落保护的困境与出路 LIU X Q , WANG S M . Difficulties and countermeasures of Chinese traditional villages conservation [J]. Agricultural History of China , 2015 , 34 ( 4 ): 99 - 110 . Difficulties and countermeasures of Chinese traditional villages conservation 杜森 , 董晓媛 . 生态文明小康村建设背景下甘南藏区传统村落的保护与发展策略研究 [J]. 兰州交通大学学报 , 2019 , 38 ( 1 ): 19-25,56 . 生态文明小康村建设背景下甘南藏区传统村落的保护与发展策略研究 DU S , DONG X Y . Study on the protection and development of traditional villages under the background of constructing well off villages with ecological civilization in Gannantibetan areas [J]. Journal of Lanzhou Jiaotong University , 2019 , 38 ( 1 ): 19-25,56 . Study on the protection and development of traditional villages under the background of constructing well off villages with ecological civilization in Gannantibetan areas 张文君 , 张润萌 , 张大玉 . 集群视角下的传统村落保护发展模式研究：以河北井陉为例 [J]. 华中建筑 , 2023 , 41 ( 1 ): 142 - 147 . 集群视角下的传统村落保护发展模式研究：以河北井陉为例 ZHANG W J , ZHANG R M , ZHANG D Y . Development mode and traditional village protection from the perspective of cluster: A case of Jingxing of Hebei province [J]. Huazhong Architecture , 2023 , 41 ( 1 ): 142 - 147 . Development mode and traditional village protection from the perspective of cluster: A case of Jingxing of Hebei province 王小明 . 传统村落价值认定与整体性保护的实践和思考 [J]. 西南民族大学学报(人文社会科学版) , 2013 , 34 ( 2 ): 156 - 160 . 传统村落价值认定与整体性保护的实践和思考 马航 , 刘琳 . 基于共生理论的城市边缘古村的保护性更新策略研究：以深圳凤凰古村为例 [J]. 现代城市研究 , 2016 ( 1 ): 30 - 37 . 基于共生理论的城市边缘古村的保护性更新策略研究：以深圳凤凰古村为例 MA H , LIU L . Research on Shenzhen phoenix village protective renovation strategy based on the symbiosis theory [J]. Modern Urban Research , 2016 ( 1 ): 30 - 37 . Research on Shenzhen phoenix village protective renovation strategy based on the symbiosis theory 张兵 , 夏青 , 罗彦 . 家园——传统村落的保护和治理 [J]. 城乡建设 , 2021 , 619 ( 16 ): 78 . 家园——传统村落的保护和治理 屠李 , 赵鹏军 , 张超荣 . 试论传统村落保护的理论基础 [J]. 城市发展研究 , 2016 , 23 ( 10 ): 118 - 124 . 试论传统村落保护的理论基础 TU L , ZHAO P J , ZHANG C R . Theory of conservation of traditional villages [J]. Urban Development Studies , 2016 , 23 ( 10 ): 118 - 124 . Theory of conservation of traditional villages 郐艳丽 . 我国传统村落保护制度的反思与创新 [J]. 现代城市研究 , 2016 ( 1 ): 2 - 9 . 我国传统村落保护制度的反思与创新 KUAI Y L . Research on traditional villages' protection system in China [J]. Modern Urban Research , 2016 ( 1 ): 2 - 9 . Research on traditional villages' protection system in China 刘志宏 . 中国传统村落世界文化遗产价值评估研究 [J]. 西南民族大学学报(人文社会科学版) , 2021 , 42 ( 11 ): 52 - 58 . 中国传统村落世界文化遗产价值评估研究 赵伟奇 , 肖大威 , 邓雨晴 , 等 . 基于发展潜力评估的传统村落活化利用模式探索 [J]. 南方建筑 , 2020 ( 3 ): 57 - 63 . 基于发展潜力评估的传统村落活化利用模式探索 ZHAO W Q , XIAO D W , DENG Y Q . Research on revitalization and utilization mode of traditional villages based on assessment of development potentials [J]. South Architecture , 2020 ( 3 ): 57 - 63 . Research on revitalization and utilization mode of traditional villages based on assessment of development potentials 赵宏宇 , 李雁冰 , 车越 . 基于SolVES的传统村落生态系统服务社会价值评估：以锦江木屋村为例 [J]. 中国园林 , 2022 , 38 ( 12 ): 76 - 81 . 基于SolVES的传统村落生态系统服务社会价值评估：以锦江木屋村为例 ZHAO H Y , LI Y B , CHE Y . Assessment of the social values of ecosystem services in traditional villages based on SolVES model: A case study of Jinjiang wooden gouse village [J]. Chinese Landscape Architecture , 2022 , 38 ( 12 ): 76 - 81 . Assessment of the social values of ecosystem services in traditional villages based on SolVES model: A case study of Jinjiang wooden gouse village 魏峰群 , 马文硕 , 杨蕾洁 . 传统村落活态化价值认知与多维弹性评估模型研究：基于陕北地区案例实证 [J]. 地理科学进展 , 2023 , 42 ( 4 ): 701 - 715 . 传统村落活态化价值认知与多维弹性评估模型研究：基于陕北地区案例实证 WEI F Q , MA W S , YANG L J . A flexible multidimensional evaluation model for the dynamic values of traditional villages: Empirical study of cases in Northern Shaanxi [J]. Progress in Geography , 2023 , 42 ( 4 ): 701 - 715 . A flexible multidimensional evaluation model for the dynamic values of traditional villages: Empirical study of cases in Northern Shaanxi 王小明 . 传统村落价值认定与整体性保护的实践和思考 [J]. 西南民族大学学报(人文社会科学版) , 2013 , 34 ( 2 ): 156 - 160 . 传统村落价值认定与整体性保护的实践和思考 聂湘玉 , 张琰 , 孙立硕 , 等 . 传统村落类型与价值认定：以河北石家庄市域传统村落为例 [J]. 规划师 , 2015 , 31 ( S2 ): 198 - 202 . 传统村落类型与价值认定：以河北石家庄市域传统村落为例 NIE X Y , ZHANG Y , SUN L S . Research on traditional village types and value cognizance: Shijiazhuang, Hebei province example [J]. Planners , 2015 , 31 ( S2 ): 198 - 202 . Research on traditional village types and value cognizance: Shijiazhuang, Hebei province example 张琳 , 张佳琪 , 刘滨谊 . 基于游客行为偏好的传统村落景观情境感知价值研究 [J]. 中国园林 , 2017 , 33 ( 8 ): 92 - 96 . 基于游客行为偏好的传统村落景观情境感知价值研究 ZHANG L , ZHANG J Q , LIU B Y . Landscape context perception value of traditional village: A study based on tourist behavior preference [J]. Chinese Landscape Architecture , 2017 , 33 ( 8 ): 92 - 96 . Landscape context perception value of traditional village: A study based on tourist behavior preference 刘思宇 , 王瑞慧 , 杨茜好 , 等 . 云南省传统村落保护利用综合评估：基于27个中国传统村落的实证研究 [J]. 华南师范大学学报(自然科学版) , 2022 , 54 ( 5 ): 48 - 59 . 云南省传统村落保护利用综合评估：基于27个中国传统村落的实证研究 LIU S Y , WANG R H , YANG X H , et al . A comprehensive evaluation of the protection and utilization of traditional villages inYunnan province: A case study of 27 Chinese traditional villages [J]. Journal of South China Normal University(Natural Science Edition) , 2022 , 54 ( 5 ): 48 - 59 . A comprehensive evaluation of the protection and utilization of traditional villages inYunnan province: A case study of 27 Chinese traditional villages 李稷 , 张沛 , 张中华 , 等 . 基于文化与自然融合的传统村落景观韧性评估与提升：以陕南传统村落为例 [J]. 西部人居环境学刊 , 2023 , 38 ( 1 ): 133 - 140 . 基于文化与自然融合的传统村落景观韧性评估与提升：以陕南传统村落为例 LI J , ZHANG P , ZHANG Z H , et al . Evaluation and improvement of traditional village landscape resilience based on the integration of culture and nature: A cases study on southern Shaanxi province [J]. Journal of Human Settlements in West China , 2023 , 38 ( 1 ): 133 - 140 . Evaluation and improvement of traditional village landscape resilience based on the integration of culture and nature: A cases study on southern Shaanxi province 魏峰群 , 赵晶雪 , 杨蕾洁 , 等 . 传统村落活态化发展水平评估研究：以陕西省为例 [J]. 中国农业资源与区划 , 2023 , 44 ( 1 ): 162 - 173 . 传统村落活态化发展水平评估研究：以陕西省为例 WEI F Q , ZHAO J X , YANG L J , et al . Evaluation on the level of activation development of traditional villages: A case study of shanxi province [J]. Chinese Journal of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning , 2023 , 44 ( 1 ): 162 - 173 . Evaluation on the level of activation development of traditional villages: A case study of shanxi province 刘渌璐 , 肖大威 , 张肖 . 历史文化村落保护实施效果评估及应用 [J]. 城市规划 , 2016 , 40 ( 6 ): 94-98,112 . 历史文化村落保护实施效果评估及应用 LIU L L , XIAO D W , ZHANG X . Implementation effect evaluation and application of historic and cultural village conservation [J]. City Planning Review , 2016 , 40 ( 6 ): 94-98,112 . Implementation effect evaluation and application of historic and cultural village conservation 曾丽群 , 单国彬 , 朱鹏飞 . 传统村落生态环境评价与保护发展研究：以广西钦州市大芦村为例 [J]. 环境与可持续发展 , 2015 , 40 ( 6 ): 61 - 64 . 传统村落生态环境评价与保护发展研究：以广西钦州市大芦村为例 ZENG L Q , SHAN G B , ZHU P F . Traditional villages' ecological environment evaluation and protective development: The case of Qinzhou city's Dalu village in Guangxi [J]. Environment and Sustainable Development , 2015 , 40 ( 6 ): 61 - 64 . Traditional villages' ecological environment evaluation and protective development: The case of Qinzhou city's Dalu village in Guangxi 王云才 , 郭焕成 , 杨丽 . 北京市郊区传统村落价值评价及可持续利用模式探讨：以北京市门头沟区传统村落的调查研究为例 [J]. 地理科学 , 2006 ( 6 ): 735 - 742 . 北京市郊区传统村落价值评价及可持续利用模式探讨：以北京市门头沟区传统村落的调查研究为例 WANG Y C , GUO H C , YANG L . The discussion on evaluation and sustainable development models of traditional villages in Western mountainous area of Beijing: A case study of traditional villages in Mentougou district of Beijing [J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica , 2006 ( 6 ): 735 - 742 . The discussion on evaluation and sustainable development models of traditional villages in Western mountainous area of Beijing: A case study of traditional villages in Mentougou district of Beijing 邓雪 , 李家铭 , 曾浩健 , 等 . 层次分析法权重计算方法分析及其应用研究 [J]. 数学的实践与认识 , 2012 , 42 ( 7 ): 93 - 100 . 层次分析法权重计算方法分析及其应用研究 DENG X , LI J M , ZENG H J , et al . Research on computation methods of AHP wight vectorand its applications [J]. Mathematics in Practice and Theory , 2012 , 42 ( 7 ): 93 - 100 . Research on computation methods of AHP wight vectorand its applications 郭金玉 , 张忠彬 , 孙庆云 . 层次分析法的研究与应用 [J]. 中国安全科学学报 , 2008 ( 5 ): 148 - 153 . 层次分析法的研究与应用 GUO J Y , ZHANG Z B , SUN Q Y . Study and applications of analytic hierarchy process [J]. China Safety Science Journal , 2008 ( 5 ): 148 - 153 . Study and applications of analytic hierarchy process 朱茵 , 孟志勇 , 阚叔愚 . 用层次分析法计算权重 [J]. 北方交通大学学报 , 1999 ( 5 ): 119 - 122 . 用层次分析法计算权重 ZHU Y , MENG Z Y , KAN S Y . Determination of weight value by AHP [J]. Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University , 1999 ( 5 ): 119 - 122 . Determination of weight value by AHP 吴殿廷 , 李东方 . 层次分析法的不足及其改进的途径 [J]. 北京师范大学学报(自然科学版) , 2004 ( 2 ): 264 - 268 . 层次分析法的不足及其改进的途径 WU D Y , LI D F . Shortcomings of analytical hierarchy process and the path to improve the method [J]. Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Science) , 2004 ( 2 ): 264 - 268 . Shortcomings of analytical hierarchy process and the path to improve the method 简兴 , 苗永美 . 语义差别法(SD)在风景区自然景观评价中的应用：以安徽省凤阳县禅窟寺景区为例 [J]. 资源开发与市场 , 2008 ( 11 ): 988 - 990 . 语义差别法(SD)在风景区自然景观评价中的应用：以安徽省凤阳县禅窟寺景区为例 JIAN X , MIAO Y M . Application of SD on landscape evaluation in scenic spot a case study on scenic spot of Chanku temple in fengyang [J]. Resource Development & Market , 2008 ( 11 ): 988 - 990 . Application of SD on landscape evaluation in scenic spot a case study on scenic spot of Chanku temple in fengyang 章穗 , 张梅 , 迟国泰 . 基于熵权法的科学技术评价模型及其实证研究 [J]. 管理学报 , 2010 , 7 ( 1 ): 34 - 42 . 基于熵权法的科学技术评价模型及其实证研究 ZHANG S , ZHANG M , CHI G T . The science and technology evaluation model based on entropy weight and empirical research during the 10 th Five-Year of China [J]. Chinese Journal of Management , 2010 , 7 ( 1 ): 34 - 42 . The science and technology evaluation model based on entropy weight and empirical research during the 10th Five-Year of China 张翔 , 周建涛 , 王燕 . 主客观权重和模糊熵相结合的云服务选择方法研究 [J]. 计算机与数字工程 , 2017 , 45 ( 2 ): 210-215,318 . 主客观权重和模糊熵相结合的云服务选择方法研究 ZHANG X , ZHOU J T , WANG Y . Cloud service selection method using subjective and objective weights and fuzzy entropy [J]. Computer & Digital Engineering , 2017 , 45 ( 2 ): 210-215,318 . Cloud service selection method using subjective and objective weights and fuzzy entropy 杨立国 , 龙花楼 , 刘沛林 , 等 . 传统村落保护度评价体系及其实证研究：以湖南省首批中国传统村落为例 [J]. 人文地理 , 2018 , 33 ( 3 ): 121-128,151 . 传统村落保护度评价体系及其实证研究：以湖南省首批中国传统村落为例 YANG L G , LONG H L , LIU P L , et al . The protection and its evaluation system of traditional village: A case study of traditional village in Hunan province [J]. Human Geography , 2018 , 33 ( 3 ): 121-128,151 . The protection and its evaluation system of traditional village: A case study of traditional village in Hunan province 闫卫阳 , 秦耀辰 , 郭庆胜 , 等 . 城市断裂点理论的验证、扩展及应用 [J]. 人文地理 , 2004 ( 2 ): 12 - 16 . 城市断裂点理论的验证、扩展及应用 YAN W Y , QIN Y C , GUO Q S , et al . Expanding, validation and application of urban breaking-point theory [J]. Human Geography , 2004 ( 2 ): 12 - 16 . Expanding, validation and application of urban breaking-point theory 岳梦婷 , 刘军 , 黄丽 . 中国区域生态文明发展水平时空演变及影响因素：基于绿色技术创新视角 [J]. 生态经济 , 2021 , 37 ( 9 ): 208 - 215 . 中国区域生态文明发展水平时空演变及影响因素：基于绿色技术创新视角 YUE M T , LIU J , HUANG L . Spatial-Temporal evolution and influencing factors of Eco-Civilization development in China: From the green technology innovation perspective [J]. Ecological Economy , 2021 , 37 ( 9 ): 208 - 215 . Spatial-Temporal evolution and influencing factors of Eco-Civilization development in China: From the green technology innovation perspective 何蓉 , 黄鑫童 , 邵超峰 , 等 . 空间视阈下四川省县域生态文明发展水平研究 [J]. 生态经济 , 2022 , 38 ( 11 ): 215 - 221 . 空间视阈下四川省县域生态文明发展水平研究 HE R , HUANG X T , SHAO C F , et al . Research on the development level of ecological civilization in county areas of sichuan province form the space perspective [J]. Ecological Economy , 2022 , 38 ( 11 ): 215 - 221 . Research on the development level of ecological civilization in county areas of sichuan province form the space perspective 赵宏宇 , 解文龙 , 卢端芳 , 等 . 中国北方传统村落的古代生态实践智慧及其当代启示 [J]. 现代城市研究 , 2018 ( 7 ): 20 - 24 . 中国北方传统村落的古代生态实践智慧及其当代启示 ZHAO H Y , XIE W L , LU D F , et al . Ancient ecological practice wisdom in traditional villages in North China and its contemporary enlightenment [J]. Modern Urban Research , 2018 ( 7 ): 20 - 24 . Ancient ecological practice wisdom in traditional villages in North China and its contemporary enlightenment