黄河中游陕北煤矿区黄土沉陷坡面土壤入渗特性变化规律及其侵蚀效应

宋世杰; 成星; 白莉; 刘露; 李源红; 张家杰; 陈宝灯

doi:10.16152/j.cnki.xdxbzr.2025-03-011

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黄河中游陕北煤矿区黄土沉陷坡面土壤入渗特性变化规律及其侵蚀效应

更新时间：2025-06-26

- 黄河中游陕北煤矿区黄土沉陷坡面土壤入渗特性变化规律及其侵蚀效应
- The variation law of soil infiltration characteristics and its erosion effect on loess subsidence slope in northern Shaanxi coal mining area in the middle reaches of the Yellow River
- 西北大学学报（自然科学版） 2025年55卷第3期页码：633-646
- 作者机构：
  
  1.西安科技大学　地质与环境学院，陕西　西安　 710054
  2.西安科技大学　煤炭绿色开采地质研究院，陕西　西安　 710054
  3.陕西省煤炭绿色开发地质保障重点实验室，陕西　西安　 710054
  4.淮南矿业〔集团〕有限责任公司　深部煤炭安全开采与环境保护全国重点实验室，安徽　淮南　 232000
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "宋世杰，男，博士（师从中国工程院王双明院士），西安科技大学副教授，硕士研究生导师。秦岭生态保护青年学者，“三秦学者创新团队”骨干成员，中国煤炭工业“西部煤炭绿色智能开采地质保障创新团队”骨干成员，2024年CNKI高被引学者（TOP 1%），国家绿色矿山青年科技奖、陕西省优秀博士学位论文奖、陕西省煤炭工业优秀科技工作者、西安科技大学徐精彩青年教师奖等荣誉称号获得者，陕西省发改委、科技厅、生态环境厅入库专家。兼任《绿色矿山》编委，《西北大学学报（自然科学版）》《煤炭科学技术》《煤田地质与勘探》《中国矿业大学学报》《矿业科学学报》《地球科学与环境学报》《矿业安全与环保》等期刊青年编委。主要从事矿山地质环境保护与生态修复方面的教学科研工作。主持国家自然科学基金、宁夏重点研发计划重点项目、陕西省重点研发计划项目、深部煤炭安全开采与环境保护全国重点实验室开放基金、陕西省煤炭绿色开发地质保障重点实验室重点基金、咸阳市重点研发计划项目等纵横向项目30余项。获省部级科技成果二等奖2项、厅局级科技成果一等奖2项。出版学术专著3部，发表ESI、SCI、EI高水平学术论文30篇。获发明专利4项、实用新型专利15项、软件著作权5项。制定国家标准1项。" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金(41402308);深部煤炭安全开采与环境保护全国重点实验室开放课题(HNKY2024YB402);咸阳市重点研发计划项目(L2024-ZDYF-ZDYF-SF-0069)
- DOI：10.16152/j.cnki.xdxbzr.2025-03-011
  中图分类号： TD88
- 收稿日期：2025-03-10，
  
  纸质出版日期：2025-06-25
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
宋世杰, 成星, 白莉, 等. 黄河中游陕北煤矿区黄土沉陷坡面土壤入渗特性变化规律及其侵蚀效应[J]. 西北大学学报（自然科学版）, 2025,55(3):633-646.

SONG Shijie, CHENG Xing, BAI Li, et al. The variation law of soil infiltration characteristics and its erosion effect on loess subsidence slope in northern Shaanxi coal mining area in the middle reaches of the Yellow River[J]. Journal of northwest university (natural science edition), 2025, 55(3): 633-646.
宋世杰, 成星, 白莉, 等. 黄河中游陕北煤矿区黄土沉陷坡面土壤入渗特性变化规律及其侵蚀效应[J]. 西北大学学报（自然科学版）, 2025,55(3):633-646. DOI： 10.16152/j.cnki.xdxbzr.2025-03-011.

SONG Shijie, CHENG Xing, BAI Li, et al. The variation law of soil infiltration characteristics and its erosion effect on loess subsidence slope in northern Shaanxi coal mining area in the middle reaches of the Yellow River[J]. Journal of northwest university (natural science edition), 2025, 55(3): 633-646. DOI： 10.16152/j.cnki.xdxbzr.2025-03-011.

摘要

破解黄河中游煤矿区沉陷坡面引发的水土流失问题，是支撑黄河流域生态安全与高质量发展战略的关键突破点。以陕北柠条塔井田北翼典型沉陷坡面（坡顶、坡中、坡脚）周围不同深度土层（0~10、10~20、20~30、3

0~40 cm）的土壤为研究对象，采用仪器分析法和定水头法分别测定土壤的入渗速率、累积渗透量、饱和导水率（

）、孔隙度、含水率、有机质、机械组成、

0.25 mm水稳性团聚体含量，揭示了沉陷坡面不同部位对土壤入渗特性的影响规律，并基于RUSLE2模型计算，阐明了在小空间尺度上，考虑入渗特性的沉陷坡面土壤侵蚀效应。结果表明：①不同沉陷坡面部位土壤入渗速率均随时间的变化呈现出瞬变阶段（0~3 min

]

、渐变阶段（3~60 min

]

及稳定阶段（60~110 min

]

3个阶段的动态变化过程；②沉陷坡面会产生显著提高坡顶、坡中、坡脚部位土壤入渗速率、累积渗透量、饱和导水率（

）、可蚀性

值的效应，平均增幅分别介于13.41%~52.51%、22.25%~26.84%、21.86%~26.67%、15.78%~21.63%，该效应随着土层深度的减小而增强，沉陷坡面该效应的大小为坡顶

坡中

坡脚；③沉陷坡面周围土壤考虑入渗特性计算的可蚀性

值变化幅度比不考虑时放大了33.42%~44.99%；④沉陷坡面土壤可蚀性

值均与粉粒、孔隙度、饱和导水率（

）显著相关，该结果可作为黄河流域生态保护与矿区绿色转型协同发展提供理论技术支撑。

Abstract

Addressing the soil erosion issues triggered by subsidence slopes in the middle reaches of the Yellow River coal mining areas is a crucial breakthrough for supporting the ecological security and high-quality development strategy in the Yellow River Basin. This study takes the soil from different depth layers (0~10

10~20

20~30

and 30~40 cm) surrounding the typical subsidence slope positions (slope top

middle

and foot) of the northern wing of the Ningtao Tower Coalfield in Northern Shaanxi as the research object. Soil infiltration rate

cumulative infiltration

saturated hydraulic conductivity (

)

porosity

moisture content

organic matter

mechanical composition

and the content of water-stable aggregates larger than 0.25 mm were measured using instrumental analysis and the constant-head method. The study reveals the impact of different subsidence slope positions on soil infiltration characteristics and elucidates the soil erosion effects of subsidence slopes on a small spatial scale considering infiltration properties based on the RUSLE2 model. The results show that: ① The soil infiltration rate at different subsidence slope positions exhibits a dynamic change process with three stages: Transient (0~3 min

]

transitional (3~60 min

]

and stable (60~110 min

]

② The subsidence slope significantly enhances the soil infiltration rate

cumulative infiltration

saturated hydraulic conductivity (

)

and erodibility

-value at the slope top

middle

and foot

with average increases ranging from 13.41% to 52.51%

22.25% to 26.84%

21.86% to 26.67%

and 15.78% to 21.63%

respectively. This effect intensifies with decreasing soil depth

and the order of this effect on the subsidence slope is: Slope top

slope middle

slope foot. ③ The change amplitude of the soil erodibility

-value considering infiltration characteristics around the subsidence slope is 33.42%~44.99% higher than that without consideration. ④ The soil erodibility

-values of subsidence slope surfaces are significantly correlated with silt content

porosity

and saturated hydraulic conductivity (

). These findings can provide theoretical and technical support for the coordinated development of ecological protection in the Yellow River basin and the green transformation of mining areas.

关键词

Keywords

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