基于机载激光雷达的复杂环境空间考古调查方法

田松林; 秦高敏; 乔保同; 王巍; 先怡衡; 于春

doi:10.16152/j.cnki.xdxbzr.2025-01-012

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基于机载激光雷达的复杂环境空间考古调查方法

文化遗产数字化保护 | 更新时间：2025-02-08

- 基于机载激光雷达的复杂环境空间考古调查方法
- Spatial archaeological surface survey method in complex occurrence environment supported by airborne LiDAR
- 西北大学学报（自然科学版） 2025年55卷第1期页码：139-149
- 作者机构：
  
  1.西北大学　文化遗产学院，陕西　西安　 710127
  2.南阳文物保护研究院，河南　南阳　 473000
- 作者简介：
  
  田松林，男，从事激光雷达遥感考古和数字化考古研究，MU2323XIAN@163.com。
  于春，女，教授，博士生导师，从事田野考古研究，yuchun@nwu.edu.cn。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家科技基础资源调查专项(2022FY101503)
- DOI：10.16152/j.cnki.xdxbzr.2025-01-012
  中图分类号： K854.1
- 纸质出版日期：2025-02-25，
  
  收稿日期：2024-09-16，
- 稿件说明：
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田松林, 秦高敏, 乔保同, 等. 基于机载激光雷达的复杂环境空间考古调查方法[J]. 西北大学学报（自然科学版）, 2025,55(1):139-149.

TIAN SONGLIN, QIN GAOMIN, QIAO BAOTONG, et al. Spatial archaeological surface survey method in complex occurrence environment supported by airborne LiDAR. [J]. Journal of northwest university (natural science edition), 2025, 55(1): 139-149.
田松林, 秦高敏, 乔保同, 等. 基于机载激光雷达的复杂环境空间考古调查方法[J]. 西北大学学报（自然科学版）, 2025,55(1):139-149. DOI： 10.16152/j.cnki.xdxbzr.2025-01-012.

TIAN SONGLIN, QIN GAOMIN, QIAO BAOTONG, et al. Spatial archaeological surface survey method in complex occurrence environment supported by airborne LiDAR. [J]. Journal of northwest university (natural science edition), 2025, 55(1): 139-149. DOI： 10.16152/j.cnki.xdxbzr.2025-01-012.

摘要

机载激光雷达作为一种主动遥感技术，可在复杂环境中有效感知地表或浅地表遗迹信息。然而因成本和技术因素，目前在大规模考古调查中仍不普及。基于棱镜式半固态机载激光雷达技术设计了一套涵盖数据采集、处理和考古分析的一站式激光雷达空间考古调查方法，在满足激光雷达数据精度要求的同时，降低了考古工作者学习和应用的难度，并以南阳地区古代城址调查为例，在各种复杂的遗迹赋存环境中进行了试验。实践表明，该方法能够高效、高质量地完成复杂赋存环境下的考古遗迹信息获取与感知，为考古调查和遗址保护监测等工作提供坚实的数据基础，进而推动机载激光雷达在考古调查中的普及应用。

Abstract

Airborne LiDAR

as an active remote sensing technology

effectively perceives surface or shallow subsurface relic information in complex environments. However

due to the cost and technical factors

it remains unpopular in large-scale archaeological survey. Based on prism semi-solid airborne LiDAR

we've designed a total spatial archaeological survey method encompassing data acquisition

processing

and archaeological analysis. This method not only meets the precision requirements of LiDAR data

but also reduces the learning and application difficulty for archaeologists. Taking the ancient city site survey in Nanyang as an example

we tested this method across various cultural heritage occurrence environments

including vegetated areas

urban landscapes

and micro-topographical scenes. The results indicate that this method efficiently and effectively acquires and senses archaeological relic information in complex environments

providing a solid data foundation for archaeological surveys

site protection monitoring

and related endeavors. Consequently

this method advances the widespread application of airborne LiDAR in spatial archaeological surface survey.

关键词

机载激光雷达空间考古赋存环境微地貌数字考古

Keywords

Airborne LiDARspace archaeologyoccurrence environmentmicro-topographydigital archaeology

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