土壤重金属污染修复技术应用现状与展望

朱晓丽; 寇兵; 柯玉鑫; 司绍诚

doi:10.16152/j.cnki.xdxbzr.2026-01-001

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土壤重金属污染修复技术应用现状与展望

水土污染防治与修复 | 更新时间：2026-02-24

- 土壤重金属污染修复技术应用现状与展望
- Application of soil heavy metal pollution remediation technology: Current status and perspectives
- 西北大学学报（自然科学版） 2026年56卷第1期页码：1-13
- 作者机构：
  
  西北大学　城市与环境学院，陕西　西安　710127
- 作者简介：
  
  朱晓丽，女，教授，博士生导师，从事污染物过程机理及修复研究，xiaolizhu@nwu.edu.cn。
- 基金信息：
  
  陕西省重点研发计划项目(2020ZDLNY06-06);陕西省农业科技创新驱动项目(NYKJ-2022-XA-02)
- DOI：10.16152/j.cnki.xdxbzr.2026-01-001
  中图分类号： X-1
- 收稿：2025-10-17，
  
  修回：2025-11-13，
  
  纸质出版：2026-02-25
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
朱晓丽, 寇兵, 柯玉鑫, 等. 土壤重金属污染修复技术应用现状与展望[J]. 西北大学学报（自然科学版）, 2026,56(1):1-13.

ZHU Xiaoli, KOU Bing, KE Yuxin, et al. Application of soil heavy metal pollution remediation technology: Current status and perspectives[J]. Journal of Northwest University (Natural Science Edition), 2026, 56(1): 1-13.
朱晓丽, 寇兵, 柯玉鑫, 等. 土壤重金属污染修复技术应用现状与展望[J]. 西北大学学报（自然科学版）, 2026,56(1):1-13. DOI： 10.16152/j.cnki.xdxbzr.2026-01-001.

ZHU Xiaoli, KOU Bing, KE Yuxin, et al. Application of soil heavy metal pollution remediation technology: Current status and perspectives[J]. Journal of Northwest University (Natural Science Edition), 2026, 56(1): 1-13. DOI： 10.16152/j.cnki.xdxbzr.2026-01-001.

摘要

由于采矿、金属冶炼及化工生产等人类活动向土壤中输入了大量重金属，导致了土壤质量下降和功能退化，土壤重金属污染治理已成为当前的重要研究热点之一。然而，受污染程度、污染范围及修复成本等多种因素影响，各类修复技术在实际应用方面仍然存在一些短板。基于此，本文概述了现有土壤重金属修复技术在修复机制、优缺点及应用现状等方面的研究动态，阐述了不同技术的发展前景。其中，物理修复在周期和效率上的优势难以弥补其在成本和对土壤破坏方面的应用劣势，化学稳定对重金属的持久钝化作用还需长期监测，而生物修复的应用场景和强化措施仍有待完善，而结合不同修复技术特性的联合修复方法可显著提高重金属污染土壤的修复效率，并降低能耗，具备更好的发展潜力与应用前景。此外，对重金属修复技术的研究方向提出了展望，以期为土壤污染阻控及防治工作提供一些理论依据。

Abstract

Human activities such as mining

metal smelting

and chemical production have imported a large amount of heavy metals into the soil

which leads to a decline in soil quality and functional degradation. Soil heavy metal pollution remediation has become one of the important research hotspots at present. However

affected by a variety of factors such as pollution level

pollution range

and repair cost

there are still some shortcomings in the practical application of various repair technologies. This paper summarizes the research trends of existing soil heavy metal remediation technologies of remediation mechanism

advantages and disadvantages

and application status

and expounds on the development prospects of different technologies. The advantages of physical remediation of cycle time and efficiency hardly compensate for the disadvantages of its application of cost and damage to the soil. The lasting passivation of heavy metals by chemical stabilization needs long-term monitoring. The application scenarios and strengthening measures for bioremediation still need to be improved. Meanwhile

this study indicates that the combination of different remediation technologies can significantly improve the remediation efficiency of heavy metal-contaminated soil and reduce energy consumption

which has better development potential and application prospects. In addition

this study puts forward the prospect of the research direction of heavy metal remediation technology

intending to provide some theoretical basis for soil pollution control and prevention.

关键词

Keywords

references

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